Generator

The same rule, three sheets

A generator in the rigid folding library, called 14 times across 4 essays. Below: what it draws at its defaults and at the arguments the essays give it, what it checked while drawing, and everywhere it is used.

mesh-family is one function. Everything below came out of it during this build, at arguments taken from the essays rather than invented for this page — so a figure here is the same figure a reader meets in an essay, and when the generator changes, this page changes with it.

At its defaults

The same rule, three sheetsThree crease patterns built by one rule: draw a fan of straight lines, then a row that reflects in every one of them. That reflection is Kawasaki at each vertex, so the pattern is flat-foldable before anything has been checked — and the fan's angle is the only thing that differs between them.parallel columnsKawasaki to 3e-14°columns fanning by 5.2°Kawasaki to 5e-14°columns fanning by 9.2°Kawasaki to 5e-14°the mountain-and-valley letters are read off the motion rather than drawn, and then put past Maekawa

view: "patterns", fans: [0, 0.09, 0.16, 0.24]

The same rule, three sheetsThree crease patterns built by one rule: draw a fan of straight lines, then a row that reflects in every one of them. That reflection is Kawasaki at each vertex, so the pattern is flat-foldable before anything has been checked — and the fan's angle is the only thing that differs between them.parallel columnsKawasaki to 3e-14°columns fanning by 5.2°Kawasaki to 5e-14°columns fanning by 9.2°Kawasaki to 5e-14°the mountain-and-valley letters are read off the motion rather than drawn, and then put past Maekawa

view: "folded", fans: [0, 0.09, 0.16, 0.24], drive: 1.25

One angle drives all of themThe same construction at four fan angles, each folded to the same driving angle. The leftmost is a Miura and stays flat across; the others curve, and the curve is in the straight creases rather than in the panels — a corrugation zigzags whether or not it is curved.parallelstraight creases spread 0.0°flat, they spread 0.0°fan 5.2°straight creases spread 25.5°flat, they spread 30.9°fan 9.2°straight creases spread 46.6°flat, they spread 55.0°fan 13.8°straight creases spread 72.4°flat, they spread 82.5°

view: "patterns", fans: [0, 0.1, 0.2]

The same rule, three sheetsThree crease patterns built by one rule: draw a fan of straight lines, then a row that reflects in every one of them. That reflection is Kawasaki at each vertex, so the pattern is flat-foldable before anything has been checked — and the fan's angle is the only thing that differs between them.parallel columnsKawasaki to 3e-14°columns fanning by 5.7°Kawasaki to 5e-14°columns fanning by 11.5°Kawasaki to 1e-13°the mountain-and-valley letters are read off the motion rather than drawn, and then put past Maekawa

What it checked while it drew

Collected by running this generator with a listener on the assertions, not written here. The count is how many separate times this build put that claim to the test.

Where it is called

Changing this generator changes every figure on this list, which is what makes the list worth publishing rather than keeping in a check script.

Nothing to average over

A folded corrugation is reported with a Poisson's ratio, and both of this site's measurements of one were made on a sheet that repeats a single cell. On such a sheet every cell behaves the same way and the cell's number is the sheet's number. On a sheet with no repeating cell the cells run from −3.5 to +0.4 — some widening while others narrow — and the sheet's own figure describes none of them.

The corrugation that curves

A Miura is a flat sheet that becomes a flat slab. Open its straight creases into a fan and the same construction gives a corrugation that wraps a cone — exactly a cone, with every straight crease passing through one point to fifteen decimal places, at every moment of the fold, with the apex travelling as the sheet closes.

The family the Miura belongs to

Move one vertex of a Miura and the sheet has no rigid folded position at all — which leaves the obvious question unanswered. What else moves? A row of paper reflected in each of a fan of lines is flat-foldable for nothing at all, and whether it also folds rigidly turns out to be a condition on a table of cosines: it has to be a column of numbers times a row of numbers.

Two refusals that refuse differently

Four of the six developable quadrilateral meshes this collection solves have no ordering of their nine panels — they must pass through themselves, and a search over every ordering proves it. On all four, the letters agree with themselves perfectly. The linear proof and the exponential search are not a fast test and a slow one: they answer different questions, and neither contains the other.

Every generator · The rigid folding field · The patterns a reader can fold